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10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales’s Own)
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Officers of the 10th (left) and 18th Hussars, 1819
Origins
This regiment was raised as a dragoon unit in Hertfordshire in 1715, in the midst of the First Jacobite Rebellion. However, it remained in England until the second Jacobite rising 30 years later, during which it fought in Scotland at both Falkirk and Culloden in 1746.
It then returned to England, before deploying to Germany in 1759 for the Seven Years War (1756-63), fighting at Warburg (1760) and Villinghausen (1761).
Cap badge, 10th (Prince of Wales’s Own Royal) Hussars, c1896
Flintlock pistol used by General Charles Churchill, Colonel of the 10th Dragoons, 1742
Hussars
In 1783, King George III ordered the regiment to switch from dragoons to light dragoons. He renamed it after his eldest son, the Prince of Wales (the future George IV), who became its colonel in 1796.
Impressed by the colourful uniforms of the European hussars, the Prince of Wales renamed, re-clothed and re-equipped the regiment as Britain’s first ever hussar unit in 1806. He remained its colonel until his coronation in 1820.
During the French Revolutionary War (1793-1802), detachments of the regiment fought in the West Indies (1794), Holland (1799) and Egypt (1801).
Lieutenant Finucane, 10th (Prince of Wales's Own) Hussars, 1811
A corporal of the 10th (Prince of Wales's Own) Hussars, 1812
Napoleonic Wars
In 1808, the regiment set sail for the Peninsular War, where it was used to screen Sir John Moore’s retreat to Corunna (1809). During that operation, it captured 100 French cavalry on Christmas Day. It also fought at Benavente, where Private Grisdall captured General Lefebvre-Desnoettes, the French cavalry’s commander-in-chief.
It was evacuated with the rest of the army in January 1809. It only returned to the Peninsula in 1813, fighting at Morales and Vitoria that same year, before advancing into France where it served at Orthes and Toulouse in 1814.
It fought in the Waterloo campaign of 1815, where one of its patrols brought the Duke of Wellington news of the Prussian retreat at Wavre. It then joined the Army of Occupation in Paris for a year.
Quiz
What sport did the 10th Hussars introduce to Britain when they returned from India in 1870?
Select the correct answer
Polo
Snooker
Hockey
Did you know...
The 10th Hussars played in the first ever domestic regimental polo match at Aldershot in 1870. According to one newspaper the 'contestants rode their ordinary chargers and hockey sticks were used to belt an ordinary billiards ball rather aimlessly from one end of the ground to the other.'
Victorian campaigns
After a long spell of home service from 1846 to 1855, the regiment was in India. From there, it was shipped to the Crimean War (1854-56), where it served at Sevastopol (1855).
As well as garrisoning various imperial outposts, it fought at Ali Masjid (1878) during the Second Afghan War (1878-80), and at El Teb (1884) in the Sudan.
During the Boer War (1899-1902), the regiment participated in the Relief of Kimberley (1900) and the Battle of Diamond Hill (1900).
This period also saw the regiment gain another Prince of Wales as its colonel, this time the 22-year-old future King Edward VII in 1863.
Jacket worn by Lieutenant Colonel John Wilkie, 10th (Prince of Wales's Own) Hussars, c1854
10th (Prince of Wales's Own Royal) Hussars at Colesberg, South Africa, 1900
World Wars
The 10th deployed to the Western Front in September 1914, remaining there throughout the First World War (1914-18) with 3rd Cavalry Division. It fought in many battles including Ypres (1914 and 1915), Loos (1915), Arras (1917) and Amiens (1918).
It then served in Ireland in 1919 on peacekeeping duties. A brief spell in Egypt and India followed from 1929 to 1936. After this, it returned to England to mechanise, before joining the Royal Armoured Corps.
During the Second World War (1939-45), the regiment lost all its vehicles in the evacuation from France in June 1940. But it was re-equipped with Crusader tanks in time to redeploy to North Africa in November 1941. There, it took part in the attempt to relieve Tobruk. It later captured General Rommel’s deputy General von Thoma at El Alamein in 1942.
It spent the last two years of the war fighting on the Italian front (1944-45).
Trooper Herbert Chambers, 10th Royal Hussars, c1935
Post-war
The regiment spent much of the post-war period on occupation duties in Trieste, Austria and Germany. This was interrupted by brief deployments to Aqaba in Jordan in 1956, and Aden in 1964.
Legacy
The regiment made its final return to Britain in 1965. Four years later, it was amalgamated with the 11th Hussars to form The Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own).
Regimental museums
The National Army Museum works with a network of Regimental and Corps Museums across the UK to help preserve and share the history and traditions of the Army and its soldiers.
Discover more about the 10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own) by visiting HorsePower Museum in Winchester.
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